Krishna Water Disputes
Tribunal is a tribunal setup by the government of India in 1969 under the
Inter State Water Disputes Act of 1956 to resolve the disputes between the
states of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh over sharing of the
water of Krishna river.
The tribunal was headed by R. S Bachawat a former judge of the Supreme Court.
The Krishna River is the second biggest
river in peninsular India. It originates near Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra from the statue of a cow
in a temple. It then runs for a distance of 303 km in Maharashtra,
480 km through the breadth of North Karnataka and the rest of its
1300 km journey in Andhra Pradesh before it empties into the Bay of Bengal.
The river basin is 257,000 km², and
the States of Maharastra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh contributes
68,800 km² (26.8%), 1,12,600 sq.k.m. (43.8%) and 75,600 km² (29.4%)
respectively.
The Bachawat commission
went over the matter in detail and gave its final award in 1973. While the
Tribunal had in its earlier report detailed two schemes, Scheme A and Scheme B,
the final award only included Scheme A and Scheme B was left out. Scheme A
pertained to the division of the available waters based on 75% dependability,
while Scheme B recommended ways to share the surplus waters.
The government took
another three years to publish the award in its Extraordinary Gazette dated 31
May 1976. With that the final award (Scheme A) of the KWDT became binding on
the three states.
The KWDT in its award
outlined the exact share of each state. The award contended based on 75%
dependability that the total quantum of water available for distribution was
2060 TMC. This was divided between the three
states in the following manner.
Maharashtra
|
560 TMC
|
Karnataka
|
700 TMC
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
800 TMC
|
In addition to the
above, the states were allowed to use regeneration/return flows to the extent
of 25, 34 and 11 TMC respectively . Further, the Tribunal has
allowed the States to utilise their allocated share of water for any project as
per their plans. As per clauses V & VII of final order of KWDT-1, a state
can fully use its allocated water in any water year (in case of deficit water
year also) by utilising the carry over storage facility. A state can create
carryover storage during the years when water yield in the river is in excess
of 2130 TMC to use in the water year when water yield in the river is less than
2130 TMC. Thus KWDT-1 allocated water use from the river up to 2130 TMC at 100% success
rate out of average yield in the river and not subject to water availability in
a 75% dependable year. The average yield in the river is assessed as 2578 TMC
by recent KWDT-2.
Including regeneration,
the total water available to Karnataka for utilisation is 734 TMC. Out of this,
Upper Krishna Project has been allotted with 173 TMC.
Note : Download "KRISHNA WATER DISPUTES TRIBUNAL
THE REPORT OF THE KRISHNA WATER DISPUTES TRIBUNAL WITH THE DECISION" from the link given below
http://wrmin.nic.in/writereaddata/linkimages/KWDTReport9718468760.pdf
source : 1. wikipedia, 2. Ministry of water resources
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