Image: siachenglacier.com
The Siachen Conflict, sometimes referred to as the Siachen War, is a military conflict between India and Pakistan over
the disputed Siachen
Glacier region in Kashmir. A
cease-fire went into effect in 2003. The conflict began in 1984 with India's
successful Operation Meghdoot during which it wrested control of the
Siachen Glacier (unoccupied and not demarcated area). India has established
control over all of the 70 kilometres (43 mi) long Siachen Glacier and all
of its tributary glaciers, as well as the three main passes of the Saltoro Ridge immediately west of the glacier—Sia La, Bilafond
La, and Gyong La. Pakistan
controls the glacial valleys immediately west of the Saltoro Ridge. According
to TIME magazine, India gained more than 1,000 square miles
(3,000 km2) of territory because of its military operations in
Siachen.
The Siachen glacier is the highest battleground on earth, where India and Pakistan have fought intermittently
since April 13, 1984. Both countries maintain permanent military presence in
the region at a height of over 6,000 metres (20,000 ft). More than 2000
people have died in this inhospitable terrain, mostly due to weather extremes
and the natural hazards of mountain warfare.
The conflict in Siachen
stems from the incompletely demarcated territory on the map beyond the map
coordinate known as NJ9842. The 1972 Simla Agreement did not clearly mention who
controlled the glacier, merely stating that from the NJ9842 location the
boundary would proceed "thence north to the glaciers." UN officials
presumed there would be no dispute between India and Pakistan over such a cold
and barren region.
Source: Wikipedia
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